An Efficient Runtime Validation Framework based on the Theory of Refinement
summary
A runtime refinement-based checker compares an executable ISA model (Spike) to a 5-stage pipelined RTL and validates each implementation step against the spec rather than hand-written properties. The system implements a refinement checker with a configurable commitment refinement map, injects decoder/control/ALU/forwarding mutations and detected all injected mutations. Measured overhead depends on the refinement map choice and falls to near-linear in these experiments, giving precise error locations at the point of divergence.
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