ToroV, a kernel in user-space, or sort of

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Introduces ToroV, an open-source system that runs user applications as virtual machines without a guest OS, unikernel, or device model by pairing a minimalist virtual machine monitor (VMM) with a virtualized guest program that uses POSIX-style hypercalls. Describes how the VMM handles file and other syscalls via hypercalls with admin-configurable ACLs, gives performance and tooling results (e.g., <6 ms KVM boot, GDB debugging via KVM API), and compares ToroV’s design to unikernels, containers, and Google’s gVisor.

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